Executive SummaryA rotary vacuum dryer (RVD) is a closed, usually batch-operated dryer that combines reduced pressure, indirect heating and mechanical rotation or agitation. Heat is transferred through a jacketed vessel or other heated surfaces while the product is repeatedly renewed against those s
Executive SummaryAn industrial freeze dryer, or lyophilizer, removes water from a previously frozen product by sublimating ice under reduced pressure and then desorbing remaining bound moisture. Unlike conventional vacuum drying, where liquid moisture commonly evaporates from a wet product, freeze d
IntroductionA double motion mixer can combine movement from the vessel and the internal agitator. One available mode is same-direction rotation, in which the vessel and internal mixing tool rotate in the same general direction. This mode is often misunderstood as producing little relative movement,