IntroductionIn a double-motion mixer, the mixing vessel and the internal agitator can move as two coordinated mechanical systems. When both components rotate in the same general direction, the material experiences a coordinated flow pattern. When one component rotates in the opposite direction, the
Executive SummaryA rotary vacuum dryer (RVD) is a closed, usually batch-operated dryer that combines reduced pressure, indirect heating and mechanical rotation or agitation. Heat is transferred through a jacketed vessel or other heated surfaces while the product is repeatedly renewed against those s
Executive SummaryAn industrial freeze dryer, or lyophilizer, removes water from a previously frozen product by sublimating ice under reduced pressure and then desorbing remaining bound moisture. Unlike conventional vacuum drying, where liquid moisture commonly evaporates from a wet product, freeze d